Introduction to world cultural heritage in Vietnam
Vietnam is a country with a rich history and culture, a convergence of many unique cultural heritages that have been recognized by the world. With geographical, climatic and cultural diversity, cultural heritages in Vietnam not only have artistic and architectural values but also reflect the characteristics of spiritual life and national traditions. . Many of these cultural heritages have been recognized by UNESCO as World Cultural Heritage, affirming their global value and importance in preserving Vietnam’s cultural and historical values.
In this article, we will explore outstanding world cultural heritages in Vietnam, from long-standing historical relics, unique architectural works to preserved traditional cultural features. kept for many generations.
1. Complex of Hue ancient capital relics
The Hue Monuments Complex is one of Vietnam’s first world cultural heritage sites recognized by UNESCO in 1993. Hue was the capital of the Nguyen Dynasty from 1802 to 1945, and currently There are still many unique architectural works such as the Imperial Citadel, palaces, mausoleums and temples.
The Hue ancient capital relic complex is not only a symbol of the prosperity and power of the Nguyen Dynasty but also a place to preserve unique cultural, artistic and religious values. With the harmonious combination of nature and architecture, the ancient capital of Hue has become an important destination in preserving and promoting Vietnam’s traditional cultural values.
Highlights:
- Hue Citadel with a system of palaces, citadels and auxiliary works.
- Tomb of Tu Duc, Tomb of Khai Dinh – unique architectural works with a combination of Asian and European styles.
- Thai Hoa Palace, where important ceremonies of the Nguyen Dynasty took place.
2. Hoi An ancient town
Hoi An Ancient Town, recognized by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage in 1999, is one of Vietnam’s most famous ancient cities. Hoi An used to be a busy trading port from the 15th to the 19th century, a place for trade between merchants from China, Japan, Portugal and other countries. Thanks to this cultural diversity, Hoi An bears the architectural imprint of many different cultures, from traditional Vietnamese wooden houses, ancient Japanese houses to European-style buildings.
With a system of ancient houses, pagodas, assembly halls and walking streets, Hoi An not only attracts tourists with its ancient beauty but is also a living demonstration of cultural interference throughout history. Hoi An is also famous for its traditional festivals, handicrafts and typical culinary culture.
Highlights:
- Covered Bridge – symbol of Hoi An, with Japanese architectural style.
- Tan Ky Ancient House, Phung Hung Ancient House – traditional houses of ancient merchants.
- Phuc Kien Assembly Hall and other Chinese assembly halls with unique architecture.
3. My Son Sanctuary
My Son Sanctuary, located in Quang Nam province, is a complex of temples and towers of the ancient Champa kingdom, built from the 4th to the 14th century. This is an important religious center of the Cham people, where worship Hindu gods, especially Shiva. My Son is famous for its red brick architecture and sophisticated sculpture, which is a testament to the brilliant development of the ancient Champa civilization.
Recognized by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage in 1999, My Son Sanctuary is not only a unique architectural work but also a symbol of the ancient culture of the Champa people. Today, My Son is an important destination in researching, preserving and promoting the region’s cultural values.
Highlights:
- The temple and tower system was built according to ancient Champa architecture.
- Exquisite sculpture art on brick and stone, reflecting Hindu beliefs.
- The construction process did not use mortar, making the construction technique still a mystery to modern scientists.
4. Trang An scenic complex
Trang An scenic complex, located in Ninh Binh province, was recognized by UNESCO as a World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 2014. This is one of the most unique natural landscape areas in Vietnam, combining amidst the beauty of limestone mountains, cave systems and historical sites. Trang An used to be the capital of Hoa Lu of Dai Co Viet under the Dinh, Le and Ly dynasties, and today still preserves many important cultural and historical relics.
Trang An is not only famous for its majestic natural landscape but also for preserving long-standing cultural and religious values. The caves, pagodas and temples in the area are all imbued with spiritual culture, creating a space that blends nature and history.
Highlights:
- Beautiful natural landscape with cave system and limestone mountains.
- Important historical sites such as the ancient capital of Hoa Lu and the temples of kings Dinh Tien Hoang and Le Dai Hanh.
- Boat trips through the caves and admiring the magnificent natural beauty.
The lasting value of Vietnamese cultural heritage
World cultural heritage sites in Vietnam are not only important architectural works and historical relics but also symbols of national spirit and cultural development over the centuries. These heritages not only contribute to enhancing national cultural values but are also common treasures of humanity that need to be preserved and promoted.
Discovering and preserving world cultural heritage not only helps future generations better understand the nation’s history and traditions but also creates opportunities for sustainable tourism and economic development. These heritages are a bridge between the past and present, bringing pride to the Vietnamese people and contributing to global cultural development.
